Abstract
This thesis has 3 objectives namely; 1) to study the contents and the main teaching in Samādhi Sutta, 2) to study the Dhamma principles in Samādhi Sutta, and 3) to study the Dhamma principles and Insight meditation practice in Samādhi Sutta, by studying the relevant information from the Pali Canon (Tipitaka), its commentaries, sub-commentaryy, and Visuddhimagga text, which were composed in description, finally reviewed by the experts.
The results of the study revealed that Samādhi Sutta is the discourse written in Pitaka, 17th text. Samādhi means the concentration of mind or the state of mind focusing straight, to objects of concentration, state of one pointedness, that is firmly settled mind, absorbing in one object, without distraction, movement, wandering being coexistence of Dhamma just like a magnet that attracts to iron scrap together as a lump, not spread out, and appearing as calmness. Samādhi in the Sutra mentions about the establishment of mind and clearly seeing the ‘rise’ and ‘fall’. The truth that is the cause of being free from all attachment. Dhammas which supports Insight meditation practice in Samādhi Sutta, are the Five Aggregates.
Insight meditation signifies the insight knowledge that can clearly consider all objects for seeing the ‘rise’ and ‘fall’ of all mental formations. The practitioners will see the Three Characteristics (Tilakkhaṇa) as impermanence, suffering, and uncontrollable. It generates the empty state to mind of practitioners that is free from attachment and adherence to all conventional reality. The practice of Insight meditation must follow principle of Four Foundations of Mindfulness by contemplating on body, feeling, mind and mental objects which have Thirty-Seven Factors of Enlightenment (Bodhipakkhiya-dhamma) as supportive virtues.
For practice of Insight meditation in the Samadhi Sutta, the practitioners must detach the Five Aggregates (Pancakkhanddha) namely; matter (Rūpa), feeling (Vedanā), perception (Saññā), mental formations (Sankhāra) and consciousness (Viññāṇa) and to remove attachments in the Five Aggregates because the attachments cause suffering (Dukkha) that is to say, suffering occurs due to attachment. By having mindfulness of the Five Aggregates and by being the Three Characteristics according to Dependent Origination and seeing ‘rise’ in origin process and ‘fall’ in cessation process of name and forms, the practitioners will gain Insight knowledge and mindfulness entering primary knowledge of insight starting from Ñāmarūpapariccheda-ñāṇa or knowledge of the delimitation of mentality–materiality up to Paccavekkhaṇa-ñāṇa or knowledge of reviewing the abandoned and the remaining defilements respectively, finally attain the highest goal of Buddhism called as Nibban
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